PRO

Salam & Istisnāʿ

Understanding Islamic Contracts • Module 3 of 4

Salam & Istisnāʿ (Forward Sales)

Salam is an advance payment for specific goods to be delivered in the future, common in agriculture. Istisnāʿ is a contract to manufacture or construct a specific asset, with payment made as agreed (upfront, in stages, or on completion). Both are crucial for funding production and projects.

Example: Salam: Paying a farm upfront for a future harvest. Istisnāʿ: Paying a contractor in stages to build a house.

Key Difference

Salam is for generic goods (like commodities) and the price must be paid in full upfront. Istisnāʿ is for custom-manufactured goods and the payment can be flexible.